Sustainable groundwater management of the stressed Coastal aquifer in the Gaza region

نویسندگان

  • ABRAHAM J. MELLOUL
  • MARTIN L. COLLIN
  • Abraham J. Melloul
چکیده

This study proposes an empirical approach that can lead to the sustainable management of groundwater resources. This approach enables a comprehensive understanding of an aquifer, delineates distinct hydrological scenarios, and recommends a set of operational activities for each sub-region of the aquifer. The paper focuses on the Coastal aquifer of the Gaza Strip region which has been divided into three sub-regions. The southern sub-region (WSW) is classified as scenario "+a2", which indicates that it can be used as a multi-annual groundwater reservoir. The northern sub-region (NW-E) is designated scenario "~a2", where the recommended operational measures include injection of freshwater in wells and cleaning of the surface environment. The third sub-region (CSE), is classified as scenario "-b2", which requires severe management measures to correct both a negative hydrological and environmental situation. The approach also involves on-going monitoring of the aquifer, and can be considered as an empirical tool to provide preliminary guidelines for long-term groundwater management. Une approche empirique pour la gestion à long terme des eaux souterraines: Le cas de l'aquifère côtier surexploité de la région de Gaza Résumé Cette étude propose une approche empirique aboutissant à des recommandations opérationnelles pour une gestion optimale à long terme des ressources en eaux de l'aquifère. La méthode développée consiste en une représentation des principaux scénarios éco-hydrologiques qui caractérisent les eaux souterraines et leur environnement. Pour simplifier le problème, un scénario des activités opérationnelles adéquates a été attribué à chacune des sous-régions de la région étudiée. Au titre de l'application, l'aquifère côtier de la Bande de Gaza a été divisé en trois sous-régions présentant des situations éco-hydrologiques différentes, chacune d'entre elles ayant des recommandations particulières. Le scénario "+a2" , dans lequel l'aquifère peut être utilisé comme réservoir opérationnel interannuel d'eaux souterraines a été choisi pour la sous-région sud (WSW). Le scénario "-a2", dans lequel les mesures recommandées consistent principalement à injecter les eaux potables directement dans les puits tout en diminuant les sources de pollution du milieu environnant a été choisi pour la sous-région nord (NW-E) et le scénario "-b2", dans lequel les situations écologique et hydrologique sont critiques et où de sévères mesures de contrôle des sources de pollution et de la gestion des eaux souterraines doivent être envisagées, a été choisi pour la sous-région centrale (CSE). Pour conclure, cette approche empirique qui implique une amélioration du réseau de puits d'observation, peut être considérée comme un outil de gestion qui met en relief les traits essentiels et les directives préliminaires nécessaires à la gestion à long terme des eaux souterraines.

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تاریخ انتشار 2007